The ability to easily remember any information. makes life much easier.
There are techniques and techniques to develop a similar ability.
Mnemonic: definition in psychology
it a set of special methods and techniqueswhich facilitate the memorization process and expand the memory capacity.
A person acquires the skills of fixing important data in the brain by building certain associations: visual, sensual, visual images.
As a result, new objects to be learned are associated with information already available.
Mnemonic technique should be applied rationally in situations where you need to remember specific information using associations.
If the need arises for perception of extended information that requires careful memorization, then mechanical learning can only harm.
Mnemonics
This is a system of techniques aimed at bond formation between visual images and data to be memorized.
Such a system is used in cases when it is necessary to record an extremely large amount of information in the brain. For example, 100 telephone numbers, personal data of 50 people from the list.
Mastering the techniques of mnemonics allows reproduce a sequence of data with absolute precision. Moreover, the data can be voiced in direct, in reverse order.
Mnemonist
A person who demonstrates the ability to memorize large amounts of information.
He does it with the help building associations, applying certain algorithms.
For example, such people learn mathematical equations or physical formulas not through memorization, but as a result of projecting specific images of individual elements. Each digit or sign represents an animal, plant, etc.
Mnemonic processes
There are 4 main processes of our mental activity, directly related to memory work.
Memorization
It may have short term or long term. In the first case, the current information is recorded in memory, which over time will be automatically discarded as unnecessary. For example, a to-do list, a lesson schedule, orders from a boss, etc.
Long-term memory allows you to absorb information that has value throughout life.
These are the names of their close relatives and their dates of birth, professional knowledge, norms of behavior, etc.
Memorization can occur at different levels: visual, sensual, auditory, taste and others.
Moreover, the process can be carried out unconsciously or consciously.
For example, when communicating with a person, we unconsciously perceive the smell of perfume emanating from him.
If on the street there is a passerby with a similar perfume, an associative image emerges in the memory.
While getting acquainted with a new partner, with whom we have to continue to cooperate, we consciously make efforts to memorize his name and other important data.
Preservation
The productivity of the memorization process is directly expressed in the preservation of digestible information. Often recorded information instantly disappear from the brain or stored in it quite a short time.
This may be due to the phenomenon of interference - one spectrum of facts is supplanted by another that comes later.
Especially clearly a similar problem manifests itself when a person needs remember a large number similar information.
Recovery
This process depends on the nature of the memorization of information.
So, unconsciously perceived information is recognized and restored. much slower than conscious.
In psychology, there is a concept reminiscences.
This is a phenomenon of delayed reproduction of the material. It is noticed that data recovery occurs much better on the second day after memorization than directly on the day of the study.
A frequent problem faced by people when recovering is the addition of real data with imaginary ones. Also, there is often a confusion of facts obtained from different sources.
Forgetting
It may have passive or active character. In the first case, there is a natural elimination from the memory of facts that have lost relevance or have not been repeated for a long time.
In the second case, unwanted episodes or events are deliberately blocked in order to protect the psyche from injury.
System
The memorization system is based on the use of various techniques, techniques and methods in order to assimilate large amounts of information.
The objects of effort are figures, objects, faces, data.
Each person must identify for themselves. the most suitable tricks and put them into practice. The choice of methods depends on which type of memorization dominates.
So, with a pronounced visual perception of objects, one should concentrate on the methods of projecting artistic images. Any number, letter encoded under the guise of any image and is thus fixed in memory.
If a person has a well-developed auditory perception, he can work with information using different tunes or poetic forms.
People with logical thinking more suitable is the use of auxiliary items that facilitate the memorization process.
Methods
The choice of methods depends on the nature of the information you need to remember.
Numbers
Techniques for memorizing numbers help fix phone or car numbers, addresses, dates of historical events, etc. The following methods are most popular:
- Hangers. This method allows you to memorize any sequence of numbers using the projection of visual images, their assimilation. Each figure is assigned 10 visual images that reflect it. These pictures are securely stored in memory. When the need arises to memorize a set of numbers, a series of images are built up in the brain, making up a memorable story. In order for each digit to harmoniously enter the created visual image, one of its 10 values is used, which is best suited at the moment. For example, the number 1 means forest, dog, sun, dress, etc. The number 7 means light, cloud, talk, snow, etc. To memorize the number 17, you can apply the value of the number 1 - the sun, and the value of the number 7 - light. Get sunshine.
- Visual perception of the form. Each digit has a specific form, which causes the corresponding associations. For example, 1 - a ballpoint pen, 0 - a bagel, 2 - a swan, etc.
If it is necessary to memorize a set of numbers, an associative array of corresponding pictures is built up and fixed in memory.
- Association with people. Each number represents a famous person or a well-known loved one. Moreover, the visual image is formed on the basis of a characteristic characteristic of man. For example, a close friend corresponds to the number 1 and is associated with a guitar because of his hobby, and his sister, who is engaged in swimming, corresponds to the number 2. Accordingly, the number 21 is a floating guitar. The brighter and more unusual images will be obtained, the better they will be recorded and reproduced in the future.
- An association with well-known numbers. This is the simplest technique that many people use in everyday life. For example, the pin-code of a bank card 0445 people born in April can be memorized as follows: 04 is the month of his birth, 45 is the year of the end of World War II. In this case, the first digit refers to a specific person, and the second one means the well-known historical date.
Names and Faces
Psychologists say that every person experiences a positive emotion while pronouncing his name.
The ability to quickly memorize the faces and names of new people facilitates the process of communication. Effective techniques:
- Manifestation of interest. During a conversation with an unknown interlocutor, you should ask leading questions and constantly contact by name. This allows you to simultaneously obtain information about a person, arrange him to yourself, remember the name. The information obtained in the future will serve as material for building associations.
- Comparison with a familiar individual. If the name of a new acquaintance coincides with a proper name or is associated with a close relative, then you can remember it in a similar way. If there are no people with the same name among the entourage, you can try to recall suitable famous people: politicians, singers, actors, etc.
- Speaking modifications. Hearing the name for the first time, you need to silently pronounce all its possible variations. For example, Gregory - Gosh, Zhora, Grisha. This will allow better consolidate information.
- Writing. If there is a sheet of paper at hand, you should write the name on it as soon as possible. It is important to focus on the written word, read several times. In the absence of such an opportunity, you can mentally "write" the name in your head.
Languages
You can learn a foreign language with the help of phonetic associations. Each word should be replaced in the imagination of a similar-sounding Russian word.
For example, the English word walk (walking) can be remembered with the help of the image of a wolf that runs through the forest.
The view of the visual image also helps. We must learn to abstract from the Russian meaning of the word. For example, to memorize the English word smile (smile), you need to imagine a smiling mouth, and not remember the Russian meaning.
Receptions
Basic mnemonic tricks:
- Semantic phrases. The initial letters of words to be memorized are used to construct a semantic phrase.
- Rhyming. The necessary material is fixed in the mind with the help of individual rhymed phrases or entire poems.
- Association. The use of original, bright associations that are directly associated with perceived information.
- Consonance. The use of similar pronunciation words, phrases.
Phrases examples
Compilation of phrases for memorizing necessary information is very popular.
The most popular mnemonic phrase in our country, which is taught even to small children, helps to remember the rainbow colors in the correct order: "Every hunter wants to know where the pheasant sits". The first letter of each word is the initial letter of the corresponding color.
In order to compose a mnemonic phrase on your own, you need to submit suitable images and form them into a memorable text. It can be a short song, a verse, or just a funny and unusual sentence.
For example, a person needs to memorize the sequence of city streets running parallel to each other: Deryabina, Moskovskaya, Boulevard, Tekucheva, Tupolev, Gorky, Kozlov. You can make a memorable phrase: "Two wise men in a big basin drowned a stupid goat".
It is the absurdity of this proposal that is the key to its good memorization, since our memory does not like boredom and monotony.
the main thing - constantly repeat the invented phrase at the beginning, so that it is fixed on a long-term basis.
In this case, the sequence of information encoded in this way may not matter. In this case, it is important to just remember the composition of the words in the sentence, and the change of their places does not matter.
The Mind of the Mnemonist
This is a small literary work. describes the abilities of a person with a unique memory.
The hero of the book is a journalist who easily remembers large sequences of numbers and words that are unrelated.
The author for a long time observes the life of his hero and draws conclusions about how the development of mental abilities affects the formation of certain personal qualities.
Thus, the use of mnemonic techniques allows significantly improve the process of learning information.
Mastering such methods will make it easy to memorize numbers, names, faces, and other important information.
Mnemonics and mnemonics - what is it? Find out about this from the video:
