It often happens that there are no physiological reasons for the disease, but nevertheless, the disease actively manifests itself.
Many scientists and psychotherapists believe that they caused by feelings and psychological trauma, and call them somatic diseases.
What does it mean: the definition of concepts
What are somatic diseases?
Somatic diseases - These are various physical disorders that have arisen as a result of a psychological disorder or injury.
The emergence of such diseases is explained very simply: our body is a single mechanism, that is, if any one element breaks down (in this case, the psyche), then it can affect other components (physiology).
Somatic condition - This is a human sensation of direct physical well-being, the physical condition of the body. That is, this is how we feel, how we feel our body, what processes we notice in it.
Concept "Somatic status" mainly used in writing case history. This includes:
- general condition of a person, his height and weight;
- skin and mucous condition;
- brief description of the main human organs and systems (digestion, blood circulation, respiration, etc.).
Somatic status of a person greatly affects its functionality. In himself, he collects and summarizes the diverse properties of man.
Somatic dysfunction - this is a violation or change in the work of any structures, leading to the appearance of various symptoms, including limited movement, sensitivity or pain.
Somatic irritation - This is a direct reaction of the physical body of the person to mental irritation.
Somatically healthy - what does this mean? Somatic health is a physical health, reflecting the state of organs and body systems.
Thus, somatically healthy can be called physically healthy personwhich does not feel and does not have any problems with the body.
"ICD 10" stands for "International Classification of Diseases of the Tenth Revision". It includes 21 section, reflecting the disease and human condition.
Somatically healthy, according to ICD 10, one can be considered a person who does not have an established diagnosis and complaints and has undergone a general examination (code Z00).
Senesthopathies
Senesthopathies - these are unpleasant, sometimes even painful bodily (somatic) sensations that do not have a physical basis.
They usually appear if a person has mental disorders: depression, neurosis, paranoia, manic-depressive psychosis (at its depressive stage, hypochondria, and others).
When examining a patient reasons for his discomfort do not find.
But despite this, sensopathy brings great inconvenience to a person and may even complicate the course of his mental illness.
Psychiatrists are involved in the treatment of sensopathies.
Sensopathies are of the following types:
- thermal sensations (cold, chills, fever, burning);
- feeling of tension;
- sensations of fluid (transfusion, blockage, opening, pulsation);
- feeling of burning pain;
- sensations of movement (movement, twisting, turning).
A distinctive feature of sensopathies is the presence of somatic complaints - this is when the patient experiences considerable difficulties in describing his sensations.
They also have a lot of variety and emotional richness. Because of this man difficult to relax or distract: all his thoughts are concentrated around these sensations.
Somatic sensations usually occur in the head, in the chest and abdomen much less. Sensopathy in the region of the extremities practically does not occur.
Symptoms and signs
The following somatic symptoms occur mainly:
- Insomnia. Many do not consider this a big problem and do not attribute it to the symptoms. In addition, most people try to cope with it on their own, without asking for help from specialists. As a result, they buy sleeping pills (most publicized or recommended by friends) and use it uncontrollably. And they do not even imagine that this is the same somatic symptom and it should be treated as a complex.
- Problems with appetite (its decrease up to full refusal of food or increase in the form of overeating). This leads to either anorexia / bulimia or obesity. All this can act as a symptom of somatic disease, which will result in complications with the work of the digestive process.
- Sexual Disorders. Occur most often due to unhealthy self-esteem, fear, disgust towards a partner or prolonged abstinence. In men, this symptom can be expressed in decreased sexual desire or erection problems.
As for women, the symptom manifests itself in the form of pain during sex or (most common) in the absence of orgasm.
- Pain sensations. Such a symptom usually develops in sensitive people, suspicious and easily susceptible to anxiety. At the same time, pain can occur in absolutely any organ, but, as a rule, this is the place that the person has the weakest (for example, an operation was performed on it earlier or there is a probability of receiving a hereditary disease).
Somatic diseases are susceptible and children.
So, there is somatic weakness of the child - This is the name of neuropathy, which creates some difficulties in the development of a child, both emotional and psychophysical.
At the same time, in childhood somatic diseases, as a rule, have the following the signs:
- high sensitivity to various types of infections;
- emotional instability (sharp changes in mood, frequent moods and tantrums, etc.);
- predisposition to allergies;
- dependence of mood or state of health on weather conditions;
- weak immunity, lowering the body's defenses;
- the presence of ticking, stuttering or other psychomotor disorders.
What somatic diseases does a child’s malnutrition cause? Find out from the video:
Types of pathologies
Somatic diseases include many components. For convenience, they are classified into the following varieties:
- Pathological disorders. Their appearance is directly related to the individual characteristics of the organism. For example, the tendency to corpulence or injury. Note that the occurrence of this type of disease contributes to bad habits that exist in humans (smoking, drinking, overeating, etc.)
- Organic diseases. This species usually appears due to anxiety of a person, his fears (as a rule, not supported by anything), the effects of stress. In this case, the person experiences strong pain, while their localization may be different.
- Conversion diseases. This type of disease results from the onset of neurotic conflict.
A distinctive feature of these somatic disorders is their temporary nature.
Deafness, paralysis or blindness may be examples of this type of disease.
Separately, you must select somatic neurosis. It can be accompanied by disorders of appetite (both its complete absence, and a sudden increase), problems with the digestive tract, the occurrence of wandering pain, almost incessant headache, dizziness and weakness, heart rhythm disorders, irregular blood pressure, impaired coordination and trembling in the limbs.
Chronic somatic diseases. This category of somatic diseases is distinguished by the fact that, as a rule, they appear even at a young age and very rarely occur after 30 years.
More exposed to them women.
At the same time, the likelihood of the appearance of chronic somatic diseases in women who inherit similar problems.
Drug as well as drug dependencies are capable of increase the chances of occurrence this type of disease.
TO chronic somatic diseases include the following:
- problems with the digestive system (eg, ulcers, gastritis);
- asthma or bronchitis;
- ulcerative colitis;
- kidney disease;
- arthritis
- and so on.
Severe somatic diseases. Chronic somatic diseases include the following:
- bleeding disorders;
- neurodermatitis;
- hepatitis;
- pneumonia;
- and so on.
Causes and treatment
First of all it is necessary to say that it is impossible to do it yourself identify the causes of and the development of such a disorder.
Only specialists in this field can work with this task, together with a therapist, a neurologist and a psychoanalyst.
This is due to the fact that the functioning of the somatic system is highly complex.
However, you can highlight a number of factors that can negatively affect its activities. These include the following:
- increased anxiety;
- conflict, stressful environment;
- outbursts of anger;
- a regular feeling of discontent (most often growing);
- fears (which, basically, are not substantiated by anything and not supported);
- severe nervousness.
If these factors do not find a way out (anxiety only increases, anger does not flow, stress increases, discontent does not subside), then they cause damage to somatic health.
As we noted, treatment should be comprehensive, under the supervision of several specialists. Before starting therapy, a specialist should:
- Find the source of the disease, its cause;
- Identify whether this disorder is hereditary;
- Take all the necessary analyzes and study the results.
The most effective way to treat somatic disease is considered psychotherapy.
This is due to the fact that it acts directly on the original cause of the appearance of the disease, on its basic mechanism of work.
In addition, the specialist may also appoint antidepressants, tranquilizers or other drugs. To achieve the best result, even traditional medicine can be used.
In any case, the treatment will be most effective only if it is carried out comprehensively.
Somatic diseases are very diverse, and the reasons for their appearance quite a lot. But they are amenable to treatment, for this only find a competent specialistwho will understand the origins of the disorder and offer high-quality comprehensive treatment.
