What is motivation.The definition of motivation implies an individual's inner need for action.
What is staff motivation?Personnel motivation is a set of activities conducted by the employer or a team of managers aimed at awakening sustainable (based on the needs and requirements) motivation of employees to improve productivity and obtain better products.
The history of the theory of motivation.
The first mentions of motivation appeared in the works of the philosophers of antiquity. The next surge of psychological motivational theories falls on the turn of the 17-18th centuries.
The end of the 19th century was marked by the theory of Charles Darwin and his followers.
Group Theories targeted motivation began to develop rapidly in the last century. In our country, the development of the theory of personnel motivation associated with the transition to a market economy, the rapid growth of private enterprises. At present, theoretical studies of scientists (Taylor, MacGregor, McClelland, Litvin, Stringer, Mescon, etc.) and the experience of foreign countries are summarized, adapted to the conditions of a single enterprise and reproduced in specific "Personnel motivation programs".
The main directions of staff motivation:
Material incentives.
The purpose of employment of any employee is to receive material remuneration for their work. In the "Employment contract" spelled out the minimum wage, otherwise, the amount that a person will receive, performing actions in the framework of official instructions. Working in the same conditions, at the exit, employees give different results. Consequently, the final amount of remuneration must correspond to the result.
When allocating a stimulating wage fund, it is necessary to take into account not only a number of conditions prescribed in regulatory state acts (additional payments for work experience in a post, term of work at a given facility, harmfulness, qualifications, etc.), but also remuneration for performing specific additional works for this enterprise, initiative, activity, quality. The system of surcharges must be open and flexible, so that each employee knows what his activities will bring additional income. A system of material penalties (fines) is also envisaged.
Additional stimulation.
The types of additional incentives include benefits that do not involve direct receipt of funds: part-paid vouchers, gym tickets, the possibility of receiving free medical services in the private clinic of the company, the availability of a social package, the provision of service housing ...
- The possibility of training and career advancement. The construction of a career ladder is possible only with advanced training. It’s not enough to work well and gain experience. It is necessary to pass specialized courses, additional training of personnel, the possibility of professional certification.
- Creating favorable working conditions. The organization of the place of service, the provision of working materials and tools, the provision of workwear, the organization of hot lunches, the possibility of getting to and from work with official vehicles, paying for a taxi for overtime work, the availability of rest areas, a relaxation area ...
- Creating a comfortable microclimate in the team. Well-developed regulatory framework, the possibility of psychological support, the organization of the work of conflict commissions, collective events ...
- Individual approach to employees. It is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the nature and life situations of each member of the collective when determining the scope of work, level of responsibility, mode of work and rest. The implementation of an individual approach to help fill out questionnaires and interviews in the selection and subsequent employment of staff. Correctly formulate a questionnaire will help Dr. Shane's theory of motivation, which defines eight "career anchors", core values on which to rely, looking for the motivational key of each employee.
The “staff motivation program” may include other sections defined by the specifics of the enterprise. In particular, many modern businessmen use in their offices additional non-traditional services (shower, table tennis, punching bag, cocktail bar), aimed at increasing motivation, helping to relieve nervous tension and physical fatigue.
