Psychological methods and techniques for influencing people

In the process of everyday life, each person is forced to protect and defend their interests.

To successfully communicate with others and achieve your own goals, it is necessary to understand and apply the techniques of influence on others.

The article discusses the types, means, and methods of influence on different categories of people.

Concept

Psychological influence - This is an activity aimed at a person, with the aim of making his behavior profitable, useful for influencing.

It can be carried out as directlyby means of persuasion as well covertly - through manipulation. But never - with the help of brute force.

Psychology

Considering the process of influence, it is necessary to take into account the fact that all people are different. The same methods may be applicable when contacting a man, but are not very effective in dialogue with a woman or a child.

For successful communication, you need to take into account the identity of the interlocutor, his attitude towards the speaker, as well as the current emotional background.

On the men persuasion is much better. When resorting to specific evidence-based facts, they argue the point of view. A man’s view of a problem can be changed with a consistent logical chain.

If a man is influenced more effectively by arguments and reasoning, then women are more amenable to emotional impact.

Due to sensitivity women, nonverbalist works more effectively in the dialogue.

Women perfectly feel the inner state of a man, manifested in the intonations of his voice, timbre, as well as in gestures, posture and gaze.

If a person looks confused, insecure, timid, then no arguments do not inspire confidence.

Types of influence

In psychology, there are several main types of influence:

Functional role. It consists in appealing to the social role of the interlocutor. For example, "A good son cares about his parents." This phrase, said by the father or mother, is aimed at regulating the behavior of the child in accordance with its role.
Directional influence. The character of a person’s personality, his values, worldview, and specific features of a person are taken into account.
Undirected influence. Covers a wide audience, united by common goals.
Personal psychological traits are not taken into account, work is being done on the class, the category of people. The method is used in advertising where the target audience is somewhat generalized.
For example, in the advertising of men's colognes, a group of persons to whom the marketer refers - adult men. In the context of the undirected influence of their personal beliefs, goals, temperament is not taken into account, because you need to reach as many customers as possible.

Direct impact. Open, undisguised influence on the subject. Most often implemented through the method of persuasion.
Indirect influence. It is connected not with the interlocutor, but with the conditions of his activity. To make the work of an employee more productive, you can motivate him directly. And it is possible - to improve working conditions, change the environment. For example, to provide comfortable furniture, a comfortable workplace, to provide the office with air conditioning.
Promotion. Stimulating a person to action through the promise of reward for its successful implementation. For example, “If you do your homework, you can walk in the yard with the guys.”
Compulsion. It works only when a person depends on you. Either he is forced to fulfill the request because of the official format of the relationship (boss-subordinate, major general, parent-child, teacher-student). The interviewee is aware that non-compliance with the requirements will be followed by sanctions or punishment.

The usefulness of each type depends on the identity of the interlocutor and his willingness to listen to the opposite point of view.

Facilities

The means of psychological influence include the format of signals (informational messages) that can be transmitted to a person:

verbal signals - words, logically constructed sentences;
paralinguistic signals - intonation, emphasis on important fragments of speech, pauses for delimiting blocks of information;
nonverbal cues - a set of signals, including: facial expressions, gestures, smile, posture, glance.

Methods and methods

In psychology, there are four key methods of influence:

Infection. It consists in the transfer to the interlocutor of the emotional state. People are social creatures, and therefore are easy to adopt, “infected” with the mood of those around them. For example, in the morning you are cheerful and cheerful. But if you meet and talk with a depressed, apathetic person, then soon joy is replaced by sadness.
You can enter a person both in a positive and in a negative, negative mood. Depending on the purpose of communication.
A cheerful person will more easily agree to a spontaneous purchase, while tired and upset will not. In depressive state, rational activity is especially active, and therefore it will not work to catch the interlocutor in carelessness.

Imitation. If you are an expert, an example for people, the way is well suited. If the interlocutor admires your achievements, character traits, inner strength, he is ready to receive information from you, follow the advice, accept your point of view.
Conviction. Based on real objective facts.
Suggestion. If a conviction is a resort to logic and arguments, then when suggesting it, it is proposed to believe in words. You can appeal to personal experience or the experience of friends, to the opinion of authorities or the rules adopted in society. Suggestion works well in the case when the interlocutor’s trust and respect for the suggestive is high.

Psychotechnics and psychological techniques

The techniques described below work fine in practice and are able to influence the attitude of a person towards you and achieve the desired result from him.

Psychological techniques of influence on the psyche of the interlocutor:

Favor. A person appreciates where he has invested time and energy. Therefore, when you start building trusting relationships, ask the person about a small favor (book, pen, phone or computer for temporary use).
If he does not refuse, over time, you can go to more significant requests.
From large to small. For example, you want to borrow 500 rubles to pay from a friend. There is a chance that he will refuse. Therefore, ask for a thousand, that is, an amount obviously greater than necessary. If in response you hear "no", then ask for the amount that was originally needed - 500. Against the background of a thousand, this money will seem to a person much less and he will agree.
Mirroring. When talking, copy posture, gestures and their speed, dynamics. We tend to trust and help people like us. This method through non-verbal signals makes the interlocutor understand that you are “yours”.

Psychological methods of influence on the partner:

Name Patronymic name. In business communication, calling a person by name and patronymic is a sign of respect for the interlocutor.
Attentive hearing. It consists not only in concentrating on the speech of the partner, but also on the visual display of concentration. Nod in moments when you agree with the person. If possible, write down the main points. Ask clarifying questions. Do not interrupt and do not get distracted.
When dialogue is necessary to fully focus on the conversation. Any, even a brief interruption of a conversation without need, is perceived as absent-mindedness or tactlessness.
Mutual language. Adjust to the speech and manner of the speaker. Use professional jargon only if it is understood by the person. Remove from the words of the word-parasites, rare terms. Try to communicate in simple plain language.

How to influence a person psychologically?

How to influence people?

Successful communication depends not only on the knowledge of the methods, but also on the ability to choose them in accordance with the personality and peculiarity of the character of the interlocutor.

How to affect a husband? Men are accustomed to think in terms of objectivity, logical reasoning. Therefore, it is recommended to speak directly about wishes and intentions.

Straight talk. It is enough just to tell a man about what is required of him.
Hints are not always obvious to the strong floor. A loving man will listen carefully and take into account the requests of his woman.
Competition versus. Men tend to compete with others for rank and social status. You can say a little, give an example of a friend who acted in a certain, desired way. For example, to mention that the girlfriend boyfriend often gives his lover flowers.
Caring attitude. A man appreciates kindness and tenderness on the part of the chosen one. He is very grateful when a loving woman charges him with positive emotions and is ready to listen to his problems and support him in a stressful situation.

How to influence a girl? Girls are characterized by sensitivity, pronounced empathy.

Therefore, not only the meaning of the action is important, but also its emotional coloring.

Compliments. With the help of compliments, a man not only cheers up a girl, but also shows her exclusivity and importance for him. You should not overdo it, praise and celebrate the girl you need for specific deeds, otherwise the value of the compliment will be lost and grow into flattery.
Presents. Similar compliments - must be in the case. Women especially appreciate gifts dedicated to memorable dates and events of living together.
Leisure and surprises. You can drive a girl to your favorite place or show a new one. Going to the cinema, going on nature and other pastimes is not only enjoyable, but also demonstrates the leadership character of a man.
Mirror behavior. This is a classic "whip and gingerbread" scheme. A girl should be aware that she will be punished for wrongdoing (the main thing is not to use physical force!), But for kindness, caring and tenderness - encouraged by the same attitude on the part of a man. Balance is important. The reaction must fully comply with the act. You should not go to extremes, otherwise you can turn into either a tyrant or a spineless henpecked. It is necessary to soberly evaluate the act of a woman and build a line of conduct from it.
Plus, you need to respond immediately, and not to postpone the decision for later and not to accumulate negative in yourself.
Hardness words. It is crucial to comply with the above. This applies not only to daily promises. It is necessary to inform the girl that you are responsible for the spoken words. And if you say no, it means no. The representatives of the weaker sex constantly unconsciously test a man for strength. And if his promises disagree with his actions, the woman loses interest and respect for him.

The influence of the teacher on the student. The relationship of teacher and student are formal, established by official rules, character.

You must comply with the etiquette of business communication, subordination.

Promotion for learning outcomes. And also for active participation in the school / university life. Praise can be expressed in assessments, public recognition and sanctification of student achievements.
Punishment for inappropriate behavior. Implemented in the form of personal reprimands. In the case of abusive students who behave defiantly and defiantly, you can resort to public reprimand among peers. If we talk about the curriculum, then in the course go bad grades.
Talk with parents. Mother and father are one of the main authorities in the life of a child and a teenager. If you establish a trustful and polite contact is not possible on their own, then the best recommendation is to connect to the dialogue of parents.
They, in turn, will be able to find a personal approach to the child and correct his behavior.

Using the techniques and methods of influence described in the article, you will easily learn how to defend your own interests and change the beliefs, opinions, point of view of the interlocutor.

Psychological tricks to help influence people: