Each of us has the ability to certain activities. How to recognize them, and then develop? At what age do they start to appear? What are their types? Does it ever happen that there is only one ability, or, basically, several of them? Is it possible to assert that abilities are innate qualities, or can they still appear throughout life? How do they differ from inclinations and inclinations? The article contains answers to the questions posed.
What are abilities?
Abilities are personality traits that allow you to successfully engage in a particular activity. They develop from the makings of a process of learning and practice. Abilities and inclinations are not the same thing. Abilities - the result of the development of inclinations, which are due to heredity. These are innate features of anatomy or physiology that contribute to better results than ordinary people. The makings are caused by genes that are passed down from generation to generation.
In the family of athletes can easily be born a child who will also devote himself to the sport. The son of a famous chef is likely to follow in his father’s footsteps. And the daughter of the actress herself will eventually try herself on the big stage. And, most likely, she, too, will manage to break through in this profession. Although the genotype of the child is influenced by the genes of both parents. Even a true genius can not be born the most developed heir, if from the mother he gets less "brilliant" genes.
Abilities and inclinations are interconnected, but have a different nature. The makings we receive before birth, and skills need to be developed. For example, someone has the makings of mountaineering. They will not turn into abilities if this person lives in the steppe or desert all his life. The task of adults, as soon as possible to reveal the makings of their child, to help him realize them.
On the basis of abilities, aptitudes develop - preferences for certain types of activities. That is, what is more interesting to do. Addictions are an important motivating factor for personal development.
The next important concept is giftedness., which depends on a combination of different abilities, allowing to reach the heights in a particular profession. Giftedness does not guarantee success, but provides opportunities for its achievement.
Abilities in psychology occupy a basic level at which talents can develop, and in some cases, even genius. Human abilities are the foundation for his self-realization.
What kinds of abilities are there?
Answering the question, what are the abilities, psychology, like science, identifies several classifications. According to one of them, abilities are general and special. In the first case, we are talking about the characteristics of the person, allowing her to achieve success in many activities. For example, a developed intellect, creativity and inquisitiveness will be equally useful in science, as well as in journalism, politics and other professions. In the second case, the predisposition to a particular occupation is implied. This may be the ability to clearly distinguish sounds or tones that help in music, or the ability of a person to visualize his thoughts on canvas.
Most often, general and special skills are interrelated. For example, someone has the talent of the artist, but in this he is helped by a developed spatial and imaginative thinking, which are broader concepts.
Also, human abilities are of the following types:
- Intellectual;
- Structural and technical;
- Logical and mathematical;
- Creative;
- Literary;
- Musical;
- Physical;
- Interpersonal-communicative.
Intellectual determine the ability to absorb new information, reproduce it in a particular situation. They play a particularly significant role for students, students and scientists.
Structural and technical allow you to create new mechanisms or improve existing ones. Inherent in people whose hands are not only "golden", but also grow from where it should be.
Logical and Mathematical relevant not only for mathematicians, but also for economists, accountants, programmers, as well as people who are addicted to gambling.
Creative depend on the level of development of fantasy, the ability to visualize their thoughts or emotions. They turn out to be useful even at the everyday everyday level, when you have to come out in an original way from various non-standard situations.
Next come literarywhich, although they are also creative, but embrace purely literary paraffin, from original SMS messages to prose or poetry.
Musical as ancient as humanity itself. The ability to feel the rhythm, play the melodies yourself, was always valued equally high.
Physical allow you to maximize the capabilities of your body. They are applicable in many areas, from dancing to sports or military training.
Interpersonal-communicative characterize the level of empathy, the ability to build relationships. They are especially effective for businessmen, politicians, public figures, journalists, psychologists.
How to develop abilities?
Since skills emerge from the makings only in the process of learning and practice, their development requires regular training or exercises.
First of allshould understand what they are. As stated in the wound, inclinations may come in handy. You need to understand what you like, what I would like to do. When it comes to children, it is not always easy for them to shape their thoughts. Therefore, adults need to carefully observe the behavior of their child. Pay attention to those activities that cause him the greatest interest.
SecondlyIt is important to collect as much information as possible. For example, it is obvious that there is the makings of boxing. It is necessary to learn about this direction of sports as much as possible, to understand its prospects, dangers. After weighing all the pros and cons, think further. Find out if there are sections nearby, ask for feedback on trainers, etc.
Thirdly, of course, proceed to the study and practice. Indeed, without theory, practice does not know where to go, but without practice, theory is an empty sound. This is true for sports as well as literature, science or any other discipline. The theoretical part helps to obtain the necessary knowledge, and practice gives invaluable experience.
Abilities are a good foundation for continued success.but not a guarantee of it. For their implementation requires a long dedication work. It is one thing to discover the ability to do something, and another to develop and improve it. But it is in labor that decent people appear who have managed to raise their abilities to the level of talent or even genius. So, even the most capable person should first "roll up their sleeves" in order to later enjoy the fruits of their labors.
