For the effective operation of private business, any company or organization needs maximize the potential of human resource workers, stimulate their high dedication.
To increase activity employees, they need to be motivated to work. What is work motivation? How can motivate staff?
What is labor motivation and what is it for?
Labor motivation - This is the process of encouraging employees or oneself to work, leading to certain results.
In other words, labor motivation creates the needs of a person, which he can realize with the help of his professional activity.
Labor efficiency depends not only on the abilities, skills and knowledge of employees - in order to successfully accomplish the tasks assigned, not only qualified personnel and a built-in system of interaction between them are necessary, but also the desire of people to work.
A motivated employee will strive to do his job well, as his work will help to satisfy his needs.
Psychology and structure
The motivation structure consists of several key concepts:
Need
it need for something. It allows a person to be activated to search for what he needs. In this case, needs are not satisfied once and for all - they are satisfied for some time, after which they arise again.
In humans, there are not only biological needs, but also social ones, which are shaped by the norms of society.
They depend on the education of the person, his psychological type, and also may vary with age.
- The need for food, shelter, sleep and health is common to all people.. However, for some employees, these concepts are key - they strive to lead a healthy lifestyle, follow the daily routine, and eat right. For them, overtime work requiring a temporary rejection of sleep or the lack of a lunch break may be unacceptable.
- The need for communication. It is different for different types of people. Someone is set on teamwork, some of the employees work better alone. Depending on this, people tend to choose the appropriate working conditions.
- Security need - physical, economic, emotional.
Many people want to feel stability not only in the economic sphere - to get paid in time, but also to feel themselves in physical security.
To do this, they will choose working conditions with minimal risk to life and health. For others, there will be a key emotional security - it depends on the relationships in the team or the managerial management style.
Motive
This is directly what causes certain actions employee
Motivation is the activation of human motives.
However, the motive is not only a motivation for the action itself, but also a definition of what how is it required.
With the same need, the actions of different people to meet it will be different. Motive is the desire of a person to satisfy a particular need.
Stimulus
The concepts of stimulus and motive should be distinguished. If the motive is the desire to get a certain good, then the incentive is a lever that causes or strengthens the motive.
Stimulation - this is the activation, strengthening of the motive. For example, an employee may be offered additional remuneration for exceeding the required performance indicators, but a penalty can also be imposed for not having achieved the required work efficiency.
However, a stimulus may not lead to a motive if it requires impracticable actions. For example, an employee is required to perform some action with insufficient technical equipment.
In other words, stimulation is the means by which motivation is achieved.
As a process, employee motivation includes the following steps:
- Emergence of need. Sensing the need, the person is activated to meet it.
- Finding a way to meet the need. However, it can be satisfied, suppressed or ignored.
- Determining the focus of action. What exactly a person needs to do, what result to get in order that the arising need is satisfied.
- Direct actionthat are performed to achieve the desired result.
- Promotion, reward for the action performed, work. At this stage, the level of satisfaction with the achieved result is determined.
- Satisfying needs. Activities may cease in anticipation of a new need, or opportunities to meet the current will continue to be sought.
Motivation should be based on the needs of employees. Only in the case of their satisfaction is possible the maximum commitment in the work process.
Types
According to the theory of psychologist V.I. Gerchikov, there are several types of labor motivation. taking into account labor behavior.
At the same time share the motivation of avoidance and achievement.
Under achievement implies the acquisition of any benefits as an employee's reward for certain actions, and under avoidance - the desire to avoid negative consequences, punishment for poor quality or incomplete work.
There are four types of achievement motivation and one is avoidance:
- Instrumental. An employee of this type sees no value in the labor activity itself, considering it only as a way to receive material remuneration. The main criterion for this is fair labor remuneration. At the same time, a person is ready to work under worse working conditions, if the remuneration is increased accordingly.
The maximum possible commitment of this type of people is possible with a decent, in their opinion, pay.
- Professional. This type of employee values, above all, the content of the work that he performs with professionalism. For him, high-quality work is a way to assert oneself and prove oneself and people one’s competence in the workplace. As a rule, this type of people prefer independent work. They are also the best specialists in the type of jobs they occupy.
- Patriotic. This type is characterized by interest in common to the organization of affairs. Such people are able to perform additional work, like to feel their importance in the workplace. The best result for them is the recognition of colleagues and the head in the overall achievements of the organization.
- Master. An employee of this type is prone to work with full dedication, while not focusing on the level of wages. The main value of such a person is sovereignty. It does not require additional control or orders, as it independently copes with tasks effectively.
However, it is very difficult to manage them, since they have a negative attitude towards orders. Best of all this type manifests itself in private business.
- Avoid. This type of staff has the least motivation to work. Such people avoid personal responsibility, do not strive to achieve the highest results of their work. Their main goal is to minimize their own efforts to achieve the desired results. However, they are best managed in an authoritarian style, as they seek to avoid punishment.
Motivation for business success
Certain difficulties may be experienced by people working in private business when there is no external motivation, therefore a person forced to motivate himself.
A separate aspect is the fact that the process of achieving success often has to work for a long time without adequate remuneration.
Find the motivation for your own actions, increase commitment You can, if you focus on the following:
- business - This is a great opportunity to realize your abilities, abilities, knowledge and talents, and sometimes even a childhood dream. It is business that gives complete freedom of action, which is impossible with hired work. You yourself have plans and tasks to accomplish. This is the only way to maximize self-realization;
- Financial independence. The income ceiling in business does not exist. You will always have the opportunity to move forward, avoiding stagnation;
- personal growth. Business allows a person not only to apply existing knowledge and skills, but also to gain new ones. In this case, you yourself will determine the direction of your development.
You should not dwell on mistakes - it is better to perceive them, albeit as a negative, but very valuable experience.
The success of entrepreneurship is based not only on the right decisions, but also on avoiding mistakes, in which negative experience is key.
It should also be remembered that the basis of business success Often there is not so much an opportunity at the start as an enthusiasm for the idea, an interest in one's field of activity and consistency in achieving goals.
How to motivate employees to work?
In order to motivate employees to work, you need to proceed from what type they are:
- For staff instrumental type the best motivation would be to increase wages. This may be a bonus for high results achieved, percentages of completed transactions - it is important to emphasize the link between the work performed and the remuneration. As a punishment, you can deprive of bonuses or any benefits.
- For professional type an excellent motivation can be an increase in the level of qualification at the expense of the company, as well as public recognition of the employee’s merits As a punishment, such people can be given routine work, as well as deprived of their personal development opportunities.
- For employee patriotic type the motivation to work is the recognition of his services to the team. For this, you can organize a board of honor, award diplomas.
The punishment may be the praise of other employees while the punished person remains in the shadow.
- Master type employee incentives may be the expansion of their powers, the ability to be responsible for new aspects of the enterprise. Punish such people can be enhanced control of their professional activities.
- Avoid type employees can be offered time off or more simple tasks while achieving high performance in performing certain specific tasks. As a punishment, you can deprive of benefits and bonuses, allowances, increase the volume of work performed.
The task of labor motivators - to create such conditions and principles of work in which the employee will be able to realize his abilities and skills, while supporting them with the satisfaction of their own needs, to promote the employee’s desire to maximize the use of their internal resources.
How to motivate employees? Find out from the video:
